The Max Planck Encyclopedia for International International Law (UniMelb-Mitarbeiter – Student Access) provides comprehensive and relevant insights into all aspects of international law and is a good starting point for your research. Entries are categorized by theme by theme, such as contract law. In each entry into the Encyclopaedia, the Oxford Law Citator is associated with other relevant entries in the encyclopedia and relevant decisions before international courts in Oxford`s reports on international law. 108 A conflict between treaties arises when these contracts contain provisions incompatible with the parties to the two treaties (contracts, conflicts between the two). For this to happen, it is possible, but not necessary, for these contracts to deal with the same subject. The issue of incompatibility or conflict between treaties is first and foremost a matter of interpretation. In this context, Article 31, paragraph 3, point c) of the VCLT, under which the interpretation of a contract takes into account the applicable rules of international law between the parties, is relevant. International contract law has been largely codified by the Vienna Convention on Treaty Law, which sets out the rules and procedures governing the establishment, modification and interpretation of contracts, as well as the resolution and resolution of disputes and alleged infringements. [6] Treaties are considered to be one of the oldest manifestations of international relations as the main source of international law. [7] Presidents have also asserted the power to unilaterally withdraw from agreements between Congress and the executive branch, but there is a scientific debate about the extent to which the Constitution allows the President to act in such circumstances without the consent of the legislative branch. Some scholars claim that the president has the power, unilaterally withdrawing from the executive agreements of Congress, although he is not allowed to end the domestic effects of a law implementing laws.194 But others argue that Congress must approve the end of executive agreements that confer exclusive powers on Congress, such as power over international trade. , and which have obtained congressional approval after being concluded by the executive branch.195 Although this debate is still developing.195 Although this debate is still developing.
, the president`s unilateral end to the executive agreements of Congress has not been the subject of much litigation, and previous studies have concluded that such an end has not generated much opposition from the legislature196 3 An agreement between a state and a non-state entity does not constitute an international treaty, although such an agreement may be governed by international law and govern international law issues (see point 19 below). 17 Each contract must be evaluated separately to determine whether or not it constitutes a binding agreement. According to ICJ jurisprudence, the legal character of an agreement must be decided on the basis of an objective analysis of the text and not on the subjective intent of the parties. The ICJ held that an instrument for establishing a binding contract must list the obligations that the parties have accepted to create rights and obligations in international law for the parties (case between Qatar and Bahrain: 1994 121). The ICJ also determined that the nature of the merger, the wording and the circumstances of its conclusion must be taken into account.